What is Sodium Phosphate?
Sodium Phosphate, also known as Sodium dihydrogenorthophosphate, is a multifunctional ingredient used in a variety of cosmetic and personal care products. It is an inorganic compound that is derived from phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide. The chemical composition of Sodium Phosphate includes two hydrogen atoms, one sodium atom, and one phosphate group.
The use of Sodium Phosphate in cosmetics can be traced back to the early 20th century when it was discovered that it had properties that could benefit the skin and hair. It was initially used as a buffering agent, helping to maintain the pH balance of cosmetic products. Over time, its other functions such as anti-seborrheic and deodorant properties were discovered, leading to its widespread use in the cosmetic industry.
Sodium Phosphate is produced through a chemical reaction between phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide. The resulting compound is then purified and dried to create the final product. This process ensures that the Sodium Phosphate used in cosmetics is of the highest quality and purity.
While there are other ingredients that serve similar functions in cosmetics, such as Sodium Bicarbonate or Sodium Citrate, Sodium Phosphate stands out due to its versatility. Unlike these other ingredients, Sodium Phosphate not only helps to maintain the pH balance of products but also acts as an anti-seborrheic agent, helping to prevent or reduce the production of sebum, and as a deodorant, neutralizing or preventing unpleasant body odors.
Sodium Phosphate is typically used in a wide range of cosmetic and personal care products. These include moisturizers, where it helps to maintain the product’s pH balance, and deodorants, where it acts to neutralize odors. It is also commonly found in hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners, where it serves as an anti-seborrheic agent, helping to prevent or reduce the production of sebum, which can lead to oily hair and scalp conditions.
Benefits and Uses
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized benefits and uses of Sodium Phosphate:
Anti-Seborrheic
Sodium Phosphate is known for its anti-seborrheic properties. In layman’s terms, this means it helps to control the production of sebum, the oily substance produced by our skin. Overproduction of sebum can lead to conditions like acne and oily skin. By regulating sebum production, Sodium Phosphate can help maintain a balanced and healthy skin condition, preventing the onset of such issues.
Buffering
Another official function of Sodium Phosphate is its buffering capability. In the context of cosmetics, a buffer is a substance that helps to maintain the pH level of the product. This is crucial as it ensures the product remains stable and effective over time. Sodium Phosphate, as a buffering agent, helps to maintain the optimal pH level of the cosmetic product, contributing to its longevity and efficacy.
Deodorant
Sodium Phosphate also serves as a deodorant in cosmetic products. It works by neutralizing and eliminating body odors, rather than merely masking them. This makes Sodium Phosphate a valuable ingredient in products such as deodorants and antiperspirants, providing a fresh and clean feeling that lasts.
It’s important to note that these benefits are based on the officially recognized and defined functions of Sodium Phosphate. There may be other benefits and uses of this ingredient that go beyond the scope of these official functions. However, the direct benefits discussed here are the ones that are most substantiated and recognized in the cosmetic industry.
Safety Profile
Sodium Phosphate is not a banned or regulated ingredient in cosmetics. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products. However, as with any ingredient, individual reactions can vary, and it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Sodium Phosphate widely.
While Sodium Phosphate is not known to be a common allergen, some individuals may experience sensitivity or allergic reactions. The potential side effects of topical application of Sodium Phosphate include:
- Redness
- Itching
- Swelling
- Dryness
A note for women who are pregnant and/or breastfeeding – There is currently a lack of data regarding the safety of topical usage of Sodium Phosphate during pregnancy or breastfeeding. As such, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for further advice.
Adverse reactions to Sodium Phosphate are not common, but they can occur. It is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient widely to ensure you do not have an adverse reaction.
This ingredient analysis has been commissioned by Truth In Skincare (TiS), an independent industry regulator. The analysis was conducted by a TiS-appointed industry consultant whose sources include CosIng (Cosmetic Ingredient Database – by the European Commission), the Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), The US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) as well as other various publicly available sources.
