What is Sodium Thioglycolate?
Sodium Thioglycolate, also known as Sodium mercaptoacetate, is a powerful ingredient commonly used in the cosmetic industry. It is a salt of thioglycolic acid, a compound that contains sulfur, which gives it its unique properties. This ingredient is synthesized through a chemical reaction involving thioglycolic acid and sodium hydroxide.
The use of Sodium Thioglycolate in cosmetics dates back to the early 20th century. It was initially used in the textile industry for its reducing properties before its benefits for hair treatment were discovered. Over time, it has become a staple in many hair care products due to its effectiveness.
When compared to similar ingredients, Sodium Thioglycolate stands out due to its versatility. While other ingredients might only serve one function, Sodium Thioglycolate has multiple uses. It is an antioxidant, a depilatory agent, and can be used for hair waving or straightening. This makes it a valuable ingredient in a variety of cosmetic products.
Sodium Thioglycolate is typically found in a range of products, including hair removal creams, hair waving solutions, and hair straightening products. Its depilatory function allows it to break down the disulfide bonds in keratin, the protein that gives hair its structure. This makes it easier to remove or reshape hair, depending on the desired outcome. It is also used as an antioxidant in these products, helping to protect the skin and hair from damage caused by free radicals.
Benefits and Uses
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized benefits and uses of Sodium Thioglycolate:
Antioxidant
Sodium Thioglycolate serves as an antioxidant in cosmetic products. This means it helps to protect the skin and hair from damage caused by free radicals, unstable molecules that can harm the cellular structure. This protection helps to maintain the health and vitality of your skin and hair, keeping them looking youthful and vibrant.
Depilatory
One of the primary uses of Sodium Thioglycolate is as a depilatory agent. In simpler terms, it’s used in hair removal creams and lotions. It works by breaking down the protein structure of hair, effectively dissolving it so it can be easily wiped away. This provides a painless alternative to other hair removal methods like waxing or plucking.
Hair Waving or Straightening
Sodium Thioglycolate is also commonly used in hair waving or straightening products. It helps to break down the disulfide bonds in hair, allowing it to be reshaped into a new style. Whether you’re looking to add curls or straighten your hair, Sodium Thioglycolate can help achieve the desired effect.
Reducing
As a reducing agent, Sodium Thioglycolate helps to prevent oxidation in cosmetic products, thereby maintaining their quality and effectiveness. It’s particularly useful in products that are exposed to air, such as creams and lotions, as it helps to extend their shelf life.
Please note that the benefits listed above are based on the officially recognized and defined functions of Sodium Thioglycolate. There may be other benefits and uses of this ingredient that go beyond the scope of its official functions.
Safety Profile
Sodium Thioglycolate is not a banned ingredient in cosmetics, but its usage is regulated in many countries. The European Commission’s CosIng Database, the Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), and the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) have all set guidelines for its safe concentration levels in cosmetic products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in the recommended amounts.
However, like any other cosmetic ingredient, Sodium Thioglycolate can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. It is always advisable to conduct a patch test before using any new product containing this ingredient. If you notice any signs of irritation, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
The potential side effects of topical application of Sodium Thioglycolate include:
- Redness
- Swelling
- Itching
- Burning sensation
- Skin irritation
A note for women who are pregnant and/or breastfeeding – There is a lack of data on the safety of topical usage of Sodium Thioglycolate during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Therefore, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for further advice.
Adverse reactions to Sodium Thioglycolate are not common, but they can occur, especially in individuals with sensitive skin. As mentioned earlier, a patch test is recommended before widespread usage.
This ingredient analysis has been commissioned by Truth In Skincare (TiS), an independent industry regulator. The analysis was conducted by a TiS-appointed industry consultant, using sources including the CosIng (Cosmetic Ingredient Database – by the European Commission), the Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), The US Food & Drug Administration (FDA), and other various publicly available sources.
